Cava superior, compressao medular e hipertensao intracraniana. Bypass of superior vena cava obstruction using spiral vein graft. Diagnosis could be confirmed in 17 cases as one child succumbed to severe respiratory distress without a. Superior vena cava syndrome svcs is obstruction of blood flow through the superior vena cava svc. The case of a woman who had facial and neck inflammation and jugular ingurgitation is described. The superior vena cava syndrome is a group of symptoms caused by damage to the blood stream to the right auricle.
Superior vena cava syndrome svcs, a clinical manifestation arising from compression of the thinwalled superior vena cava svc, was first described by william hunter in 1757 and can be caused by a variety malignancies hunter and johnston 1757. Other causes of this syndrome in children are surgery for congenital heart disease which accounts for most of the cases, and lymphomas, that constitute the second most common cause of obstruction. Superior vena cava syndrome in a person with bronchogenic carcinoma. Six years experience with spiral vein graft for obstruction of superior vena cava due to benign and malignant disease. Feb 29, 2016 superior vena cava syndrome svcs is a relatively common sequela of mediastinal malignancies and may cause significant patient distress. Its etiology has changed over time, it used to be due to infectious causes syph. On superior vena cava thrombosis the blood flow diverts into this network of collateral channels. Abstract we studied a 57 yearold patient of black complexion, with swelling of the lower. Urgencias en pacientes oncologicos pediatricos scielo uruguay. Superior vena cava syndrome svcs, is a group of symptoms caused by obstruction of the superior vena cava svc, a short, wide vessel carrying circulating blood into the heart.
We describe the case of a 45yearold male who was admitted with clinical signs of superior vena cava syndrome svcs. Superior vena cava syndrome in infancy is an unusual complication of the use of central venous catheters in neonatal intensive care unit. However, emergencies in connection with the disease itself or complications arising from the treatment imply a high morbimortality. Note the swelling of his face first thing in the morning left and its resolution after being upright all day right. However, in last decades benign causes such as thrombosis related to venous access colocation have been described. The majority of cases are caused by malignant tumors within the mediastinum, most commonly lung cancer and nonhodgkins lymphoma, directly compressing or invading the svc wall. Review of evolving etiologies, implications and treatment. History tells that in the 18th century, syphilis and tuberculosis were responsible for 40% of the known cases. There is an exuberant collateral venous circulation on thorax characterized by.
Diagnosis could be confirmed in 17 cases as one child. Svcs is a medical emergency if associated with laryngeal or cerebral edema. We report a 49 years old woman with a multiple myeloma that was admitted due to a superior vena cava syndrome caused by a central venous catheter used for chemotherapy for 20 weeks. Other causes of this syndrome in children are surgery for congenital heart disease which accounts for most of the cases, and lymphomas, that constitute the second most. Prognostic valve of the superior vena cava syndrome as the presenting sing of small cell anaplastic carcinoma of the lung. Seminoma with bronchial involvement and superior vena cava. Dilated azygos vein, dilated pericardial veins, dilated anterior thoracic vein and other smaller mediastinal veins that drains to left renal vein and inferior vena cava. Vena cava syndrome intracardiac mass right atrium echocardiography pancreatic cancer a b s t r a c t we report acase of76 yearold man who presented with superior vena cava syndrome 2448hours duration. E ologic considera ons in superior vena cava syndrome. Superior vena cava obstruction in smail cell bronchogenic carcinoma. Mar 27, 2020 superior vena cava syndrome svcs is obstruction of blood flow through the superior vena cava svc. Superior vena cava syndrome mediastinal syndrome other names. Pdf superior vena cava syndrome in thoracic malignancies.
Since some malignancies causing superior vena cava syndrome svcs are only sensitive to a specific treatment regimen, it is crucial to. Svcs is a significant disorder affecting up to 10 % of small cell lung cancer sclc patients and 24 %. The superior vena cava syndrome svcs involves a group of symptoms deriving from obstruction or compression of the superior vena cava. Superior vena cava syndrome lung cancer is now the main cause of blood flow obstruction in the superior vena cava and of its clinical manifestations. By definition it is the extrinsic or intrinsic obstruction of the superior vena cava. May 01, 2008 superior vena cava syndrome svcs is rare in childhood. Mediastinal tumor, superior vena cava, diagnosis, treatment. It is a medical emergency and most often manifests in patients with a malignant disease process within the thorax. Superior vena cava syndrome is a set of signs and symptoms due to superior vena cava obstruction.
They are connected by a rich network of smaller venous plexuses that are normally not or only barely opacified on chest ct. The brachiocephalic veins, superior vena cava and azygoshemiazygos system drain the upper extremities and the head and neck. The treatment of superior vena cava syndrome is usually oriented to the underlying cause, that can be too slow in emergency cases. Superior vena cava syndrome svcs is rare in childhood. What every emergency physician needs to know about superior vena cava. Since its first description in 1757, the superior vena cava syndrome has been a challenge for the clinician.
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